對機密信息(如客戶密碼或社會保障號碼)處理不當會危及到用戶的個人隱私,這是一種非法行為。
Privacy Violation 會在以下情況下發生:
1. 用戶私人信息進入了程序。
2. 數據被寫到外部位置,如控制臺、file system 或網絡。
示例:以下代碼向一個 Web 用戶發送帳戶憑證。在此,OWA_SEC.get_password() 函數會返回一個與用戶帳戶相關并且由用戶提供的明文密碼,這個密碼將輸出給 HTTP 響應。
...
HTP.htmlOpen;
HTP.headOpen;
HTP.title (.Account Information.);
HTP.headClose;
HTP.bodyOpen;
HTP.br;
HTP.print('User ID: ' ||
OWA_SEC.get_user_id || '');
HTP.print('User Password: ' ||
OWA_SEC.get_password || '');
HTP.br;
HTP.bodyClose;
HTP.htmlClose;
...
[1] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 - (OWASP 2007) A6 Information Leakage and Improper Error Handling
[2] J. Oates AOL man pleads guilty to selling 92m email addies The Register
[3] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3 - (STIG 3) APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3310 CAT I, APP3340 CAT I
[4] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 - (STIG 3.4) APP3210.1 CAT II, APP3310 CAT I, APP3340 CAT I
[5] California SB-1386 Government of the State of California
[6] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration - (CWE) CWE ID 359
[7] Financial Privacy:The Gramm-Leach Bliley Act (GLBA) Federal Trade Commission
[8] Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) U.S. Department of Human Services
[9] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 - (WASC 24 + 2) Information Leakage
[10] Privacy Initiatives U.S. Federal Trade Commission
[11] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 - (PCI 2.0) Requirement 3.2, Requirement 3.4, Requirement 4.2, Requirement 6.5.5, Requirement 8.4
[12] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 - (PCI 1.2) Requirement 3.2, Requirement 3.4, Requirement 4.2, Requirement 6.5.6, Requirement 8.4
[13] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 - (PCI 1.1) Requirement 3.2, Requirement 3.4, Requirement 4.2, Requirement 8.4
[14] Safe Harbor Privacy Framework U.S. Department of Commerce
[15] M. Howard, D. LeBlanc Writing Secure Code, Second Edition Microsoft Press