若缺少時間戳,會導致 SOAP 消息遭受 replay 攻擊。
安全性時間戳可表明消息安全數據的“新鮮性”。如果攻擊者截取了一則消息,稍后將其轉發,則接收者能夠拒絕此 replay 攻擊,因為時間戳會指明該消息已過期。
為避免攻擊者篡改時間戳,應對時間戳執行簽名。如果 SOAP 消息的時間戳未經簽名,則攻擊者可在接收者不知情的情況下截取該消息、修改時間戳,以及轉發該消息。在這種情況下,攻擊者會欺騙接收者接受惡意消息。
例 1:以下策略條目中的 UsernameToken 標簽已被注釋掉。
<wsp:Policy
xmlns:wsp="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/policy"
xmlns:wssp="http://www.bea.com/wls90/security/policy"
xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"
>
...
<!-- <wssp:MessageAge/> -->
</wsp:Policy>
[1] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 - (OWASP 2004) A10 Insecure Configuration Management
[2] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2007 - (OWASP 2007) A9 Insecure Communications
[3] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 - (OWASP 2010) A9 Insufficient Transport Layer Protection
[4] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3 - (STIG 3) APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II
[5] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 - (STIG 3.4) APP3250.1 CAT I, APP3250.2 CAT I, APP3250.3 CAT II, APP3250.4 CAT II
[6] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 - (FISMA) CM
[7] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration - (CWE) CWE ID 254
[8] Standards Mapping - Web Application Security Consortium 24 + 2 - (WASC 24 + 2) Insufficient Authentication
[9] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2010 - (SANS 2010) Porous Defenses - CWE ID 311
[10] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2011 - (SANS Top 25 2011) Porous Defenses - CWE ID 311
[11] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 - (PCI 1.2) Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.3.1.4, Requirement 6.5.9
[12] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 - (PCI 1.1) Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.10
[13] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 - (PCI 2.0) Requirement 4.1, Requirement 6.5.4
[14] Security Policy Assertion Reference BEA