程序聲明具有 normal 保護級別的權限。
聲明自定義權限時,共有四個選項可用于指定權限的保護級別:normal、dangerous、signature 和 signature or system。Normal 權限會授予請求此權限的任何應用程序。Dangerous 權限僅在用戶確認后授予。Signature 權限僅授予由定義此權限的程序包所用的同一開發者密鑰簽署的應用程序。Signature or system 權限與 signature 權限類似,但也會授予 Android 系統映像中的程序包。
例 1:下面是聲明為具有 normal 保護級別的自定義權限示例。
<permission android:name="custom.PERMISSION"
android:label="@string/label_permission"
android:description="@string/desc_permission"
android:protectionLevel="normal">
</permission>
[1] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 - (OWASP 2004) A2 Broken Access Control
[2] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2010 - (OWASP 2010) A6 Security Misconfiguration
[3] Standards Mapping - FIPS200 - (FISMA) AC
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration - (CWE) CWE ID 265
[5] Jesse Burns Developing Secure Mobile Applications for Android
[6] Standards Mapping - SANS Top 25 2009 - (SANS 2009) Improper Access Control - CWE ID 285
[7] Permission Element
[8] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 - (PCI 1.1) Requirement 6.5.10
[9] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 - (PCI 1.2) Requirement 7.1.1
[10] William Enck, Machigar Ongtang, and Patrick McDaniel Understanding Android Security
[11] William Enck and Patrick McDaniel Understanding Android's Security Framework
[12] Using Permissions