由參數 umask() 指定的掩碼常常很容易與 chmod() 的參數混淆。
umask() man page 以錯誤的指令開始:
"umask sets the umask to mask & 0777"
盡管這種行為可以更好地遵從 chmod() 的用法,這種情況下,由用戶提供的參數指定在特定文件上啟用的位數,但事實上 umask() 的行為恰恰相反:umask() 將 umask 設為 ~mask & 0777。 umask() man page 接下來描述了 umask() 的正確使用方法:
“open() 用 umask 為新建文件設置初始化權限。具體的說,它會關閉 umask 從 mode 參數傳遞到 open(2)的權限(例如,umask 的通用默認值 022 會導致以權限 0666 & ~022 = 0644 = rw-r--r-- 創建新文件,而在正常情況下,mode 應該為 0666)。”
[1] Standards Mapping - OWASP Top 10 2004 - (OWASP 2004) A5 Buffer Overflow
[2] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3 - (STIG 3) APP3590.1 CAT I
[3] Standards Mapping - Security Technical Implementation Guide Version 3.4 - (STIG 3.4) APP3590.1 CAT I
[4] Standards Mapping - Common Weakness Enumeration - (CWE) CWE ID 249, CWE ID 560
[5] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.2 - (PCI 1.2) Requirement 6.3.1.1
[6] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 2.0 - (PCI 2.0) Requirement 6.5.2
[7] Standards Mapping - Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Version 1.1 - (PCI 1.1) Requirement 6.5.5